Issue 44, 2016

Nitrogen doped holey carbon nano-sheets as anodes in sodium ion battery

Abstract

Though the insertion mechanism of lithium and sodium ions in carbon nano-structures is similar, anodes used in sodium ion batteries face many practical difficulties due to the fact that the sodium ion is 55% larger than its lithium counterpart. One way of accommodating the spatial requirements of the large sodium ion is by increasing the ‘active surface area’ of anodes in sodium-ion batteries. In this manuscript, we developed a microwave based solvothermal technique for synthesis of nitrogen doped, holey-carbon nano sheets (hCNS) by using eco-friendly ionic liquids and potassium ethoxide. Morphological studies by SEM and TEM showed ‘in-plane’ spherical nano-pores well distributed through hCNS, whereas XPS studies showed that the nitrogen doping exists predominantly as pyridinic groups. When applied as electrodes in sodium-ion batteries, our 3D holey carbon nano-sheets show high specific capacitance of 268 mA h g−1, good rate capability and 93% of initial capacitance retention even after 200 cycles. The presence of chemically active nano-holes on the carbon nano-sheet surface increases the surface area, acts as anchoring points for sodium ions, and favours fast diffusion of the electrolyte.

Graphical abstract: Nitrogen doped holey carbon nano-sheets as anodes in sodium ion battery

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
30 Oct 2015
Accepted
30 Mar 2016
First published
01 Apr 2016

RSC Adv., 2016,6, 38112-38116

Nitrogen doped holey carbon nano-sheets as anodes in sodium ion battery

S. Vadahanambi, H. Chun, K. H. Jung and H. Park, RSC Adv., 2016, 6, 38112 DOI: 10.1039/C5RA22763A

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