Studies on the radical polymerization of monomeric ionic liquids: nanostructure ordering as a key factor controlling the reaction and properties of nascent polymers

Abstract

In this paper, the kinetics of the radical polymerization of two monomeric ionic liquids: 1-ethyl- and 1-butyl-3-vinylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide ([evim][NTf₂] and [bvim][NTf₂], respectively) as well as the molecular dynamics of the obtained polymers were investigated by means of Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy (BDS), Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) spectroscopy and Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC). We propose a novel method of dielectric data analysis, to extract information on the progress of polymerization in highly conductive materials. It was found that the progress of reaction can be easily monitored by measuring the time evolution of dc conductivity, which correlates very well with the monomer conversion estimated from calorimetric or FTIR investigations. Additionally, it is clearly shown that even a small modification in the chemical structure, i.e. the length of the alkyl substituent, of monomeric ionic liquids leads to a dramatic change in the properties of the produced polymers. The obtained results are discussed in light of recent studies indicating a completely different tendency to nanostructure ordering in the investigated monomeric ionic liquids.