Issue 92, 2015

Evaluation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids towards vermicidal activity: in vitro & in silico studies

Abstract

A series of six different ionic liquids (ILs) of the kind 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide/hydroxide (IL-Br and IL-OH) tailored with different N-alkyl side chains (ethyl, butyl, octyl) were synthesized and evaluated for their vermicidal activity against the Indian earthworm, Pheretima posthuma. The percentage of paralysis and mortality of earthworms against ILs were recorded in a dose dependent (at different concentrations 2, 4, 8 and 16 mM) and time dependent manner. The ILs with hydroxide as the counter anion (IL-OH) showed higher vermicidal activity compared to their bromide counterparts (IL-Br). Moreover, the ILs with the longest alkyl chain (octyl) were observed to have significant vermicidal activity compared to the rest (ethyl and butyl) as well as the standard drug, Albendazole. Furthermore, theoretical modeling was carried out to visualize the preferential docking positions of these ILs into the active site of β-tubulin. Fascinatingly, it was found that the ILs with longest alkyl side chain showed remarkable vermicidal activity compared to the rest, and the molecular docking studies not only validated the experimental results, but also showed per-residue interaction analysis between the ILs and the different components of β-tubulin.

Graphical abstract: Evaluation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids towards vermicidal activity: in vitro & in silico studies

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
09 Jul 2015
Accepted
26 Aug 2015
First published
27 Aug 2015

RSC Adv., 2015,5, 75415-75424

Author version available

Evaluation of imidazolium-based ionic liquids towards vermicidal activity: in vitro & in silico studies

K. T. P. Charan, P. Ranjan, K. Manojkumar, N. Pothanagandhi, P. C. Jha, V. M. Khedkar, A. Sivaramakrishna and K. Vijayakrishna, RSC Adv., 2015, 5, 75415 DOI: 10.1039/C5RA13469B

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements