Issue 7, 2015

Photochemical internalization of bleomycin and temozolomide – in vitro studies on the glioma cell line F98

Abstract

Here we evaluate the photosensitizer meso-tetraphenyl chlorin disulphonate (TPCS2a) in survival studies of rat glioma cancer cells in combination with the novel photochemical internalization (PCI) technique. The tested anticancer drugs were bleomycin (BLM) and temozolomide (TMZ). Glioma cells were incubated with TPCS2a (0.2 μg ml−1, 18 h, 37 °C) before BLM or TMZ stimulation (4 h) prior to red light illumination (652 nm, 50 mW cm−2). The cell survival after BLM (0.5 μm)-PCI (40 s light) quantified using the MTT assay was reduced to about 25% after 24 h relative to controls, and to 31% after TMZ-PCI. The supplementing quantification by clonogenic assays, using BLM (0.1 μm), indicated a long-term cytotoxic effect: the surviving fraction of clonogenic cells was reduced to 5% after light exposure (80 s) with PCI, compared to 70% in the case of PDT. In parallel, structural and morphological changes within the cells upon light treatment were examined using fluorescence microscopy techniques. The present study demonstrates that PCI of BLM is an effective method for killing F98 glioma cells, but smaller effects were observed using TMZ following the “light after” strategy. The results are the basis for further in vivo studies on our rat glioma cancer model using PDT and PCI.

Graphical abstract: Photochemical internalization of bleomycin and temozolomide – in vitro studies on the glioma cell line F98

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
07 Apr 2015
Accepted
04 Jun 2015
First published
04 Jun 2015

Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2015,14, 1357-1366

Author version available

Photochemical internalization of bleomycin and temozolomide – in vitro studies on the glioma cell line F98

O. A. Gederaas, A. Hauge, P. G. Ellingsen, K. Berg, D. Altin, T. Bardal, A. Høgset and M. Lindgren, Photochem. Photobiol. Sci., 2015, 14, 1357 DOI: 10.1039/C5PP00144G

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