Suzuki coupling reaction in the presence of polymer immobilized palladium nanoparticles: a heterogeneous catalytic pathway

Abstract

An in situ method for the fabrication of a metal–polymer composite architecture using the precursors of 1,2-diaminobenzene (DAB) and potassium tetrachloropalladate (K₂PdCl₄) has been reported in this manuscript where palladium nanoparticles were stabilized by the poly-(1,2-diaminobenzene), pDAB, matrix. During the reaction, DAB was oxidized, which produced pDAB, on the other hand the reduction of palladium salt formed palladium nanoparticles which were found to be uniformly dispersed throughout the macromolecule matrix. The composite material was characterized by means of different techniques, such as UV-visible and infrared spectroscopy, which has contributed the information regarding the chemical structure of the polymer, whereas electron microscopy images yielded the information regarding the size and distribution of the metal particles in the polymer matrix. The composite material was successfully employed as a catalyst for the coupling of phenylboronic acid with aryl halides (Suzuki reaction) in the presence of an inorganic base under phosphine-free condition.