A porphyrin photosensitized metal–organic framework for cancer cell apoptosis and caspase responsive theranostics

Abstract

A photosensitized and caspase-responsive multifunctional nanoprobe was designed by assembling a porphyrin, a folate targeting-motif and a dye-labelled peptide in a metal–organic framework (MOF) cage, which significantly increases the singlet oxygen quantum yield of porphyrin by 6.2 times, and achieves high efficient cancer therapy and in situ therapeutic monitoring with caspase-3 activation. The integration of theranostic functions in a single nanocarrier holds great promise in precision cancer diagnosis and treatment.