Cesium carbonate as a surface modification material for organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite solar cells with enhanced performance

Abstract

Cs₂CO₃ has been employed as a new surface modification material for inorganic–organic hybrid perovskite solar cells. With the optimized modifying process, 14.2% power conversion efficiency (PCE) was obtained, enhanced by nearly 20% compared with the control devices. Further studies showed that the PCE improvement mainly came from the retarded back recombination.