Design and synthesis of a new phosphinite-functionalized clay composite for the stabilization of palladium nanoparticles. Application as a recoverable catalyst for C–C bond formation reactions

Abstract

A new clay composite carrying phosphinite-functionalized ionic liquid moieties (CCPIL) has been designed and synthesized. Palladium nanoparticles were uniformly ligated by CCPIL. After characterization, this composite has been applied as a heterogeneous catalyst for the Suzuki–Miyaura reaction of aryl halides with phenylboronic acid on water in the presence of NaOH as the base. These nanoparticles have also been applied for copper-free Sonogashira–Hagihara reaction in TBAB and Mizoroki–Heck reaction under solvent-free conditions. The catalyst was also found to be stable towards moisture and air and its catalytic activity remained almost unchanged after exposure to air for three months.