Cerium oxide nanoparticle-catalyzed three-component protocol for the synthesis of highly substituted novel quinoxalin-2-amine derivatives and 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-amines in water

Abstract

The syntheses of novel quinoxalin-2-amine derivatives were conducted in water using CeO₂ nanoparticle catalyzed three-component reactions of 1,2-diamines with aldehydes and isocyanides. A variety of 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-amine derivatives were also synthesized by reactions between 1,2-diamines, ketones and isocyanides. This new method offers an environmentally benign and effective approach for the synthesis of quinoxalin-2-amines and 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2-amines.