Laccase mediated diclofenac transformation and cytotoxicity assessment on mouse fibroblast 3T3-L1 preadipocytes

Abstract

Diclofenac is recently considered as one of the most devastating environmental pollutants, because of its biomagnification in the food chain which leads to potential harmful effects on non-targeted organisms. This study describes the optimized laccase mediated diclofenac transformation using response surface methodology (RSM) and cytotoxicity testing on mouse fibroblast 3T3-L1 preadipocytes. Three factors (laccase, syringaldehyde, reaction time) were used to optimize the diclofenac transformation. The optimum level of laccase, syringaldehyde and reaction time was found to be 1.91 U mL⁻¹, 187 μg and 51 min for diclofenac transformation (20 mg L⁻¹). The cytotoxicity assessment on mouse fibroblast 3T3-L1 preadipocytes showed that a maximum of 67.9% cell death occurred at 72 h treatment with diclofenac (200 μg mL⁻¹), while the cells treated with laccase treated diclofenac (LTD) showed less toxicity on the cells. These findings can be addressed for the removal of diclofenac toxicity.