Heterogenization of ferrocene palladacycle catalysts on ROMP-derived monolithic supports and application to a Michael addition†
Abstract
The anchoring of well-defined molecular catalysts on a surface is an attractive strategy to develop sustainable catalytic processes. This article describes the first syntheses of monolith-supported ferrocene palladacycle catalysts. Monolithic supports were prepared via ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) using the “1st generation Grubbs catalyst”. Fluorinated carboxylates were surface-grafted utilizing living Ru-termini. The immobilization of the palladacycles onto the monolithic support was accomplished by ligand substitution on the fluorinated carboxylates of the graft polymer. An investigation of these supported catalysts on the efficiency and reusability under different reaction conditions in a direct Michael addition generating a quaternary C-atom is reported. Whereas stereoselectivity was found to be significantly lower than in a comparable homogeneous system, Pd-leaching was not detected in all analyzed samples indicating a permanently immobilized catalyst system.