Enhancing the open circuit voltage of dye sensitized solar cells by surface engineering of silica particles in a gel electrolyte

Abstract

We prepared a quasi-solid electrolyte for dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) that consist of ionic liquid and modified silica particles. Commercial bare silica F5 particles and modified silica F5 by NH₂ and NH₃⁺ groups were prepared, and fully characterized. The best photovoltaic performance was observed using the NH₂ modified silica particles giving an open circuit voltage (V_oc) of 815 mV, a short-circuit current (J_sc) of 11.23 mA cm⁻², and a fill factor (FF) of 0.75 corresponding to an overall power conversion efficiency of 7.04% at 100 mW cm⁻² AM 1.5. The modification of the silica particles by NH₂ groups increases the V_oc of DSSCs by around 60 mV compared to pure ionic liquid electrolyte based DSSCs.