Rapid and efficient solvent-free synthesis of cyclophanes based on bipyridinium under mechanical ball milling

Abstract

We reported here the first rapid and solvent-free template-directed preparation of cyclophanes based on bipyridinium, which was achieved using mechanical ball milling. The method affords a new strategy for construction of diverse substituted CBPQT·4PF₆, which greatly shortens the reaction period, rendering this methodology practical in the field of supermolecular chemistry.