Photocatalytic water gas shift using visible or simulated solar light for the efficient, room-temperature hydrogen generation

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles supported on P25 TiO₂ act as highly efficient photocatalysts for promoting the simultaneous H₂O reduction to H₂ and CO oxidation to CO₂. This photocatalytic process can be performed using simulated solar light as well as light from a LED quasi monochromatic centred at 450 nm, indicating that not only UV but also visible light promotes the reaction. This novel photocatalytic reaction corresponds to the water gas shift which is an endothermic process that is currently carried out on a large industrial scale at temperatures about 350 °C. In contrast, the photocatalytic process is performed at ambient temperature with no other energy requirement than sunlight. Other related TiO₂ and CeO₂ photocatalysts containing noble metals (Pt or Pd) behave similarly, but with lower efficiency both in the UV and in the visible region than Au/TiO₂.