Chemical equilibria in the uranyl(vi)–peroxide–carbonate system; identification of precursors for the formation of poly-peroxometallates

Abstract

The focus of this study is on the identification of precursors in solution that might act as building blocks when solid uranyl(VI) poly-peroxometallate clusters containing peroxide and hydroxide bridges are formed. The precursors could be identified by using carbonate as an auxiliary ligand that prevented the formation of large clusters, such as the ones found in solids of fullerene type. Using data from potentiometric and NMR (¹⁷O and ¹³C) experiments we identified the following complexes and determined their equilibrium constants: (UO₂)₂(O₂)(CO₃)₄⁶⁻, UO₂(O₂)CO₃²⁻, UO₂(O₂)(CO₃)₂⁴⁻, (UO₂)₂(O₂)(CO₃)₂²⁻, (UO₂)₂(O₂)₂(CO₃)²⁻ and [UO₂(O₂)(CO₃)]₅¹⁰⁻. The NMR spectra of the pentamer show that all uranyl and carbonate sites are equivalent, which is only consistent with a ring structure built from uranyl units linked by peroxide bridges with the carbonate coordinated “outside” the ring; this proposed structure is very similar to [UO₂(O₂)(oxalate)]₅¹⁰⁻ identified by Burns et al. (J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2009, 131, 16648; Inorg. Chem., 2012, 51, 2403) in K₁₀[UO₂(O₂)(oxalate)]₅·(H₂O)₁₃; similar ring structures where oxalate or carbonate has been replaced by hydroxide are important structure elements in solid poly-peroxometallate complexes. The equivalent uranyl sites in (UO₂)₂(O₂)₂(CO₃)²⁻ suggest that the uranyl-units are linked by the carbonate ion and not by peroxide.