Issue 5, 2012

Surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of amphetamine and methamphetamine in urine samples

Abstract

A novel surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction (SADLLME) based on solidification of floating organic drop (SFO) combined with high-performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet detection (HPLC-UV) has been proposed for extraction and determination of amphetamine (AM) and methamphetamine (MA) in urine samples. 1-undecanol and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were used as extracting solvent and disperser, respectively. Face-centered central composite design (FCCCD) was used for optimization of several factors affecting extraction recovery. The optimal conditions were pH = 6.4, volume of extracting solvent V = 31.0 μL, 0.08 CMC as surfactant concentration, and the amount of NaCl for ionic strength was 0.3% (W/V). The limits of detection (LODs, S/N = 3) of the extraction method were 2 for AM and 3 μg L−1 for MA, with the enrichment factors (EFs) of 56 and 48 folds, respectively. The relative standard deviation (RSD %) for n = 3 was below 5.6% and a good linearity (R2 > 0.991) in the range of 10–2000 μg L−1 was observed. The application feasibility of SFO-SADLLME-HPLC-UV in real sample was investigated by analyzing different real samples and satisfactory results were obtained.

Graphical abstract: Surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of amphetamine and methamphetamine in urine samples

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
05 Feb 2012
Accepted
02 Mar 2012
First published
06 Mar 2012

Anal. Methods, 2012,4, 1357-1364

Surfactant-assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction followed by high-performance liquid chromatography for determination of amphetamine and methamphetamine in urine samples

M. Saber Tehrani, M. H. Givianrad and N. Mahoor, Anal. Methods, 2012, 4, 1357 DOI: 10.1039/C2AY25125F

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