Synthesis of 6-F-ergosterol and its influence on membrane-permeabilization of amphotericin B and amphidinol 3

Abstract

Two well-known antifungals, amphotericin B (AmB) and amphodinol 3 (AM3), are thought to exert antifungal activity by forming ion-permeable channels or pores together with sterol molecules. However, detailed molecular recognitions for AmB-sterol and AM3-sterol in lipid bilayers have yet to be determined. Toward ¹⁹F NMR-based investigation of the molecular recognition underlying their potent antifungal activity, we synthesized 6-fluoro-ergosterol in five steps via ring opening of (5α,6α)-epoxide of ergosterol acetate with using novel combination of TiF₄ and n-Bu₄N⁺Ph₃SiF₂⁻. Then we evaluated its activity of promoting pore formation of AmB and AM3, and found that pore formation of AmB was barely promoted by 6-F-ergosterol in clear contrast to the dramatic promotion effect of unmodified ergosterol, whereas AM3 activity was markedly enhanced in the presence of 6-F-ergosterol, which was comparable to that of unmodified ergosterol. These results indicate that the introduction of an F atom at C6 position of ergosterol plays an inhibitory role in interacting with AmB, but it is not the case with AM3.