Issue 8, 2011

Vitamin B12-derivatives—enzymecofactors and ligands of proteins and nucleic acids

Abstract

B12-cofactors play important roles in the metabolism of microorganisms, animals and humans. Microorganisms are the only natural sources of B12-derivatives, and the latter are “vitamins” for other B12-requiring organisms. Some B12-dependent enzymes catalyze complex isomerisation reactions, such as methylmalonyl-CoA mutase. They need coenzyme B12, an organometallic B12-derivative, to induce enzymatic radical reactions. Another group of widely relevant enzymes catalyzes the transfer of methyl groups, such as methionine synthase, which uses methylcobalamin as cofactor. This tutorial review covers structure and reactivity of B12-derivatives and structural aspects of their interactions with proteins and nucleotides, which are crucial for the efficient catalysis by the important B12-dependent enzymes, and for achieving and regulating uptake and transport of B12-derivatives.

Graphical abstract: Vitamin B12-derivatives—enzyme cofactors and ligands of proteins and nucleic acids

Article information

Article type
Tutorial Review
Submitted
03 May 2011
First published
20 Jun 2011

Chem. Soc. Rev., 2011,40, 4346-4363

Vitamin B12-derivatives—enzyme cofactors and ligands of proteins and nucleic acids

K. Gruber, B. Puffer and B. Kräutler, Chem. Soc. Rev., 2011, 40, 4346 DOI: 10.1039/C1CS15118E

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