An in situ applicable colorimetric Cu2+ sensor using quantum dot quenching

Abstract

In this study, a rapid, convenient and in situ applicable Cu²⁺ sensor was constructed based on a luminescent layer immobilizing Ru(bpy)₃Cl₂ with a maximum wavelength of 600 nm, which was taken as the reference background light. The luminescence intensity of the layer was kept constant and isolated from the oxygen change in the solution due to the hybrid polyacrylonitrile–dimethylsulfoxide used in the immobilization of the Ru(bpy)₃Cl₂. The CdTe quantum dot (QD) luminescence, with a maximum wavelength of 520 nm, was quenched to different degrees depending on the Cu²⁺ concentration in the solution. Using a commercial camera, different colors could be captured in different Cu²⁺ concentrations. This color change was caused by the composite light with stable luminescence from the Ru(bpy)₃Cl₂ layer and the changeable fluorescence of the CdTe QDs. Sensor characteristics, including the co-existing ions, oxygen content, temperature effect, and sensor stability, were investigated.