Stabilisation energy of C6H6⋯C6X6 (X = F, Cl, Br, I, CN) complexes: complete basis set limit calculations at MP2 and CCSD(T) levels

Abstract

Stabilisation energies of stacked structures of C₆H₆⋯C₆X₆ (X = F, Cl, Br, CN) complexes were determined at the CCSD(T) complete basis set (CBS) limit level. These energies were constructed from MP2/CBS stabilisation energies and a CCSD(T) correction term determined with a medium basis set (6-31G**). The former energies were extrapolated using the two-point formula of Helgaker et al. from aug-cc-pVDZ and aug-cc-pVTZ Hartree–Fock energies and MP2 correlation energies. The CCSD(T) correction term is systematically repulsive. The final CCSD(T)/CBS stabilisation energies are large, considerably larger than previously calculated and increase in the series as follows: hexafluorobenzene (6.3 kcal mol⁻¹), hexachlorobenzene (8.8 kcal mol⁻¹), hexabromobenzene (8.1 kcal mol⁻¹) and hexacyanobenzene (11.0 kcal mol⁻¹). MP2/SDD** relativistic calculations performed for all complexes mentioned and also for benzene⋯hexaiodobenzene have clearly shown that due to relativistic effects the stabilisation energy of the hexaiodobenzene complex is lower than that of hexabromobenzene complex. The decomposition of the total interaction energy to physically defined energy components was made by using the symmetry adapted perturbation treatment (SAPT). The main stabilisation contribution for all complexes investigated is due to London dispersion energy, with the induction term being smaller. Electrostatic and induction terms which are attractive are compensated by their exchange counterparts. The stacked motif in the complexes studied is very stable and might thus be valuable as a supramolecular synthon.