Mobilization of aluminium and deposition on fish gills during sea salt episodes – catchment liming as countermeasure
Abstract
Episodic events may be critical with respect to aluminium (Al) toxicity in moderately acidified salmon rivers. The present work demonstrates that sea salt episodes enhance the toxicity of Al in acidic rivers. The documented sea salt episode (300 µM Cl) mobilized positively charged Al species (0.4 to 1.1 µM Ali), enhanced the Al accumulation on fish gills (0.9 to 10 µmol g−1 dw) and caused increased stress responses (6 to15 mM blood