Polymeric membrane ion-selective and cross-sensitive electrode-based electronic tongue for qualitative analysis of beverages

Abstract

An electronic tongue based on the sensor array of polymeric membrane ion-selective electrodes combined with pattern recognition tools was applied to qualitative analysis of various brands of orange juice, tonic, and milk. The capability of this device to reliably discriminate between different brands of those products was presented. The tests of the system were performed using products of the same brand, but with different manufacture dates (and thus comparable by the term of taste). The fusion of two types of sensors–classical selective ones and partially selective in one versatile array, and working out the sensor array’s response by means of principal component analysis and back propagation neural network methods allowed the discrimination between different brands of various beverages with very high accuracy (90–100%). The real performance of the electronic tongue was evaluated applying testing samples from another manufacture lot, than the samples used in the learning set.