AN INTEGRATED PHYSICAL-SCIENCE (PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY) INTRODUCTION FOR LOWER-SECONDARY LEVEL (GRADE 7)

Abstract

The integration of physics and chemistry can not only be accomplished successfully, but it is useful for both subjects. In Greece, while general science is taught in the fifth and sixth grades, physics and chemistry are absent from the seventh grade. Here, we propose an integrated programme of physics and chemistry for a two-period per week course in the seventh grade. The relevant book (in Greek) includes experiments, theory, simple knowledge, and more demanding questions. The basic aims are: revision of basic primary physical science; preparation for the separate physics and chemistry courses that follow; and application of the theory and practice of science education. The programme is made of eight units that contain thirty-six lessons. The eight units are: matter and soil; motion and force; temperature and heat; water; air and atmospheric pressure; chemical reactions; energy; electricity. Basic features are: the spiral curriculum; qualitative treatment of concepts; taking into account of alternative conceptions; experimental-constructivist teaching and learning; simplicity of phenomena and principles; exclusion of atoms and molecules, of equations, and of graphs; and connection with everyday life. The programme is on trial during 1998-99 and 1999-2000 in eleven schools, involving 24 teachers and about 1500 students. [Chem. Educ. Res. Pract. Eur.: 2000, 1, 281-294]