Spectrofluorimetric determination of sulphate in waters in normal and open/closed flow injection configurations
Abstract
A spectrofluorimetric method for the determination of sulphate, based on the formation of a ternary complex with biacetyl monoxime nicotinylhydrazone and zirconium is described. Two flow injection manifolds [normal (nFl) and open/closed] were optimized and used for the determination of sulphate in various water samples with good selectivity. The repeatability and linear range of the calibration graphs was better for the open/closed than for the nFl system (relative standard deviation 2.33%versus 3.51%, and linearity 1.5–150 µg ml–1versus two linear portions of 2–30 and 30–150 µg ml–1), but the sampling rate using the nFl configuration (30 samples h–1) was at least twice that of the open/closed system.