Determination of lead and cadmium in urine by differential-pulse anodic stripping voltammetry

Abstract

Differential-pulse anodic stripping voltammetry was used to determine Cd and Pb in urine. A hanging mercury drop electrode was chosen as the working electrode. Cd and Pb were determined separately after a digestion procedure and an additional pre-electrolysis step was used prior to the determination of Cd. Two deposition times and two standard additions were used to determine the concentrations of the metal ions.