By means of the MINDO/3 method the polar 2 + 2 cycloaddition of hydroxyethylene to 1,1 -dicyanoethylene and the dimerization of ethylene have been studied. For the polar reaction the transition state has dipolar character, while for the non-polar reaction it has a tricentric structure. The reaction mechanism and the importance of charge transfer are discussed.
M. Durán and J. Bertrán, J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. 2, 1982, 681 DOI: 10.1039/P29820000681
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