He(I) and He(II) excited photoelectron spectra of the group IVA halides MX4(M = Ti, Zr, Hf, X = Cl, Br, I) are reported. Ionization energy values and relative band areas are discussed using a simple molecular orbital model. It is shown that He(II) intensity patterns are of particular value in aiding the interpretation of the spectra and enable detailed conclusions about metal–ligand bonding to be inferred from the experimental data.
R. G. Egdell and A. F. Orchard, J. Chem. Soc., Faraday Trans. 2, 1978, 74, 485 DOI: 10.1039/F29787400485
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