Protonated esters, aldehydes, and ketones react with secondary and tertiary alcohols in the gas phase by way of nucleophilic displacement to eliminate water by alkyl–oxygen cleavage of the attacking alcohol, whereas alkoxycarbonium ions react with alcohols by an addition-elimination sequence.
J. K. Pau, J. K. Kim and M. C. Caserio, J. Chem. Soc., Chem. Commun., 1974, 120 DOI: 10.1039/C39740000120
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