Free energies, enthalpies, and entropies of transfer of non-electrolytes from water to mixtures of water and dimethyl sulphoxide, water and acetonitrile, and water and dioxan

Abstract

The transfer of non-electrolytes from water to mixtures of water and dimethyl sulphoxide results in large increases in both enthalpy and entropy. The corresponding changes in free energy are relatively small. Similar behaviour was found for transfer to mixtures of water and acetonitrile and water and dioxan. The results are discussed in terms of the entropy and enthalpy changes occurring when non-electrolytes are dissolved in water.