Substituent effects on the nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of aryl-lithium and aryl Grignard compounds

Abstract

The n.m.r. spectra of a variety of meta- and para-substituted aryl-lithium and aryl Grignard compounds in ether have been examined. In contrast to covalently substituted benzenes, the inherently large chemical shifts between the ring protons permit a detailed analysis of the spectra and thus the influence of the substituent on both the chemical shifts and spin–spin coupling constants has been investigated.