Studies in ion solvation in non-aqueous solvents and their aqueous mixtures. Part XIII. Free energies of transfer of barium chloride from water to 10, 20, and 40%(w/w) methanol–water mixtures, and of strontium chloride to the 20% mixture, at 25 °C. The behaviour of amalgam electrodes of the alkaline earth metals

Abstract

Values of ΔG_t°, the free energy of transfer from the molar standard state in water to that in another solvent, have been obtained for barium and strontium chlorides by e.m.f. measurements on the cells (I) with amalgam electrodes, where M = Ba, S = 10, 20, and 40%(w/w) methanol–water; where M = Sr, S = 20%(w/w) methanol–water; Ag–AgCl|MCl₂(m^s),S|M (Hg)|MCl₂(m^w),W|AgCl–Ag (I), W = water. The conditions required for reversible operation of the amalgam electrodes of strontium and barium were found to be critical; calcium amalgam electrodes could not be made to operate reversibly.