Molecular polarisability. The ortho-substituted benzyl chlorides

Abstract

Dipole moments and molar Kerr constants are recorded for 11 derivatives of toluene, chlorobenzene, and benzyl chloride, all as solutes in carbon tetrachloride. Analysis of the results, by using appropriate polarisabilities and component moments, suggests that di-substitution by chloro- or methyl groups vicinally to a chloromethyl group causes the latter to lie in a plane which is ca. 90° to that of the C₆-ring.