A direct electrolysis protocol for difluorination and azo-fluorination of gem-difluorostyrenes was achieved involving Et3N·3HF as fluorine source. The electrochemical reduction of the benzyl C–F bond was also achieved.
This review focuses on the progress in catalytic asymmetric difluoroalkylation to construction of difluoroalkylated stereogenic centers. Synthetic methods, active intermediates involved and asymmetric strategies applied were summarized.
The review summarizes advances in the radical chemistry of polyfluorinated arenes under photocatalytic conditions. The fluoroaryl fragment serves as enabling motif for the reaction design and efficient generation of reactive intermediates.
A photocatalyst and diselenide co-catalyzed hydroazolation of gem-difluoroalkenes avoids C–F bond cleavage to deliver N-α,α-difluoroalkyl azoles, thus offering convergent access to a medicinally and agriculturally-relevant substructure.
Calcium-based heavy Grignard reagents, prepared in situ through a mechanochemical method, reacted with gem-difluorostyrenes to afford thermodynamically less favorable (E)-monofluorostilbenes with good to high stereoselectivity.