Issue 38, 2022

Synthesis and validation of ultrasensitive stripping voltammetric sensor based on polypyrrole@ZnO/Fe3O4 core–shell nanostructure for picomolar detection of artesunate and dopamine drugs

Abstract

A stripping voltammetric sensor for ultrasensitive detection of artesunate (ART) and dopamine HCl (DA) has been successfully developed using a Ppy@ZnO/Fe3O4 core–shell nanocomposite ([PZM])-modified carbon paste sensor (MCPS). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, field emission scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area method, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the physicochemical properties of the nanomaterials. Noteworthily, the morphology of [PZM] reveals a spherical core–shell nanostructure with an increase in the average diameter range of 20–37.5 nm (specific surface area (SSA) of 28.5 m2 g−1 (0.0247 cm3 g−1)) when compared with the average diameter range 7.5–15.7 nm (SSA of 5.43 m2 g−1 (0.0111 cm3 g−1)) of ZnO/Fe3O4[ZM]. The [PZM] MCPS provided the best electroactive surface area (0.078 cm2) and the least electrocatalytic activity (Rst = 370 Ω). Furthermore, the MCPS showed low detection limits (LODs) of 0.092 pg mL−1 (0.24 pM) and 0.0046 pg mL−1 (0.03 pM) for ART and DA, respectively. Moreover, LODs were found to be 0.029 pg mL−1 (0.75 pM) and 0.014 pg mL−1 (0.09 pM) for ART mixed with 0.7 pM of DA (ART1) and DA in the presence of 2.0 pM of ART drug (DA1), respectively. In addition, the MCPS revealed a proper repeatability, reproducibility, and storage stability (93.5–90.48%). During the routine analysis, the [PZM] MCPS detected ART and DA concentrations in human urine, without interference.

Graphical abstract: Synthesis and validation of ultrasensitive stripping voltammetric sensor based on polypyrrole@ZnO/Fe3O4 core–shell nanostructure for picomolar detection of artesunate and dopamine drugs

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
29 May 2022
Accepted
12 Aug 2022
First published
20 Sep 2022

Anal. Methods, 2022,14, 3739-3750

Synthesis and validation of ultrasensitive stripping voltammetric sensor based on polypyrrole@ZnO/Fe3O4 core–shell nanostructure for picomolar detection of artesunate and dopamine drugs

M. Elfiky, M. Gaber, M. Mousa and N. Salahuddin, Anal. Methods, 2022, 14, 3739 DOI: 10.1039/D2AY00864E

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