* Corresponding authors

^a Department of Earth Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

^b Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute of Glass and Ceramics (WW3), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Martensstrasse 5, 91058 Erlangen, Germany

^c Lyles School of Civil Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana, USA

^d Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Institute I and Interdisciplinary Center for Nanostructured Films (IZNF), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstr. 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany

^e Jülich Centre for Neutron Science JCNS, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Outstation at MLZ, Lichtenbergstr. 1, 85747 Garching, Germany

^f GeoZentrum Nordbayern – Mineralogy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Schlossgarten 5a, 91054 Erlangen, Germany

^g Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, USA

^h UMR CNRS 6282 Biogéosciences, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 6 Boulevard Gabriel, 21000 Dijon, France

ⁱ Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems (FPS), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Haberstrasse 9a, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
E-mail: stephan.e.wolf@fau.de