* Corresponding authors

^a School of Chemistry, The Australian Centre for Nanomedicine and the ARC Centre for Convergent Bio-Nano Science & Technology, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
E-mail: p.thordarson@unsw.edu.au

^b Department of Materials, Imperial College London, Prince Consort Road, London, UK

^c Dementia Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia

^d Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation, New Illawara Rd, Lucas Heights, NSW 2231, Australia

^e Lund Institute for Advanced Neutron and X-ray Scattering, Lund, Sweden

^f Biofilm—Research Center for Biointerfaces and Biomedical Science Department, Faculty of Health and Society, Malmö University, Malmö, Sweden

^g Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, University of New South Wales Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia