Enantioselective formal (3 + 2) cyclization of cyclic β-keto esters with azonaphthalenes to synthesize cyclopenta[b]indoles in good yields with high diastereo- and enantioselectivity is established by using guanidine-amides as catalysts under mild reaction conditions.
A series of novel and synthetically challenging oxazolidinone compounds were synthesized through a regioselective radical addition of azonaphthalenes.
The [5,5]-sigmatropic rearrangement is a less-studied reaction and may be strategically utilized to devise unique synthetic processes.
A CPA-catalyzed asymmetric arylation reaction of oxindoles with azonaphthalenes was established to afford a variety of 3,3-disubstituted oxindole derivatives with a triaryl-substituted quaternary stereocenter in high yields and enantioselectivities.
This review highlights recent advances in the atroposelective preparation of axially chiral azole derivatives, emphasizing mechanistic insights and synthetic applications in the development of this class of five-membered heterocyclic frameworks.