Issue 13, 2023

Propagating MOF flexibility at the macroscale: the case of MOF-based mechanical actuators

Abstract

Shapeshifting materials have captured the imagination of researchers for their myriad potential applications, yet their practical development remains challenging. These materials operate by mechanical actuation: their structural responses to external stimuli generate mechanical work. Here, we review progress on the use of flexible metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) in composite actuators that shapeshift in a controlled fashion. We highlight the dynamic behaviour of flexible MOFs, which are unique among materials, even other porous ones, and introduce the concept of propagation, which involves the efficient transmission of flexible MOF deformations to the macroscale. Furthermore, we explain how researchers can observe, measure, and induce such effects in MOF composites. Next, we review pioneering first-generation MOF-composite actuators that shapeshift in response to changes in humidity, temperature, pressure, or to other stimuli. Finally, we allude to recent developments, identify remaining R & D hurdles, and suggest future directions in this field.

Graphical abstract: Propagating MOF flexibility at the macroscale: the case of MOF-based mechanical actuators

Article information

Article type
Feature Article
Submitted
26 Okt 2022
Accepted
13 Jan 2023
First published
16 Jan 2023
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

Chem. Commun., 2023,59, 1744-1756

Propagating MOF flexibility at the macroscale: the case of MOF-based mechanical actuators

J. Troyano and D. Maspoch, Chem. Commun., 2023, 59, 1744 DOI: 10.1039/D2CC05813H

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