Advances in electrochemical energy storage with covalent organic frameworks

Abstract

The use of all-organic materials for electrochemical energy storage holds great promise for the development of foldable cellphones, lightweight computers, stretchable patch-type electronic devices, and other technologically advanced applications. Thus, the development of stable, scalable, and inexpensive electroactive organic materials has been extensively investigated. Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) are attractive candidates for two- and three-dimensional integration of small organic molecules. They offer regular-sized pore channels, a rich diversity of the desired chemical motifs, and feasible designs of chemical and bulk structure through the availability of various synthetic approaches. In this review, we highlight the recent studies in the design of COFs for rechargeable metal-ion batteries, (pseudo)capacitors, ion conductors, and solid-state electrolytes. We also discuss the advantages and challenges of future COF design to satisfy the criteria of industrial production.