Issue 26, 2024

Green advancements towards the electrochemical synthesis of heterocycles

Abstract

Heterocyclic chemistry is a large field with diverse applications in the areas of biological research and pharmaceutical advancement. Numerous initiatives have been proposed to further enhance the reaction conditions to reach these compounds without using harmful compounds. This paper focuses on the recent advances in the eco-friendly and green synthetic procedures to synthesize N-, S-, and O-heterocycles. This approach demonstrates considerable potential in accessing such compounds while circumventing the need for stoichiometric quantities of oxidizing/reducing agents or catalysts containing precious metals. Merely employing catalytic quantities of these substances proves sufficient, thereby offering an optimal means of contributing to resource efficiency. Renewable electricity plays a crucial role in generating environmentally friendly electrons (oxidant/reductant) that serve as catalysts for a series of reactions. These reactions involve the production of reactive intermediates, which in turn allow the synthesis of new chemical bonds, enabling beneficial transformations to occur. Furthermore, the utilization of metals as active catalysts in electrochemical activation has been recognized as an effective approach for achieving selective functionalization. The aim of this review was to summarize the electrochemical synthetic procedures so that the undesirable side reactions can be considerably reduced and the practical potential range of the chemical reactions can be expanded significantly.

Graphical abstract: Green advancements towards the electrochemical synthesis of heterocycles

Article information

Article type
Review Article
Submitted
16 apr 2024
Accepted
22 maj 2024
First published
07 jun 2024
This article is Open Access
Creative Commons BY-NC license

RSC Adv., 2024,14, 18192-18246

Green advancements towards the electrochemical synthesis of heterocycles

S. Z. Hashmi, D. Bareth, J. Dwivedi, D. Kishore and P. A. Alvi, RSC Adv., 2024, 14, 18192 DOI: 10.1039/D4RA02812K

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