Issue 24, 2023

Organic ammonium iodide salts as passivation for buried interface enables efficient and stable NiOx based p-i-n perovskite solar cells

Abstract

The interfaces between a halide perovskite absorber film and its charge transporting layers have been identified as one of the key bottlenecks for achieving high performance and stability. Herein we report a benzothieno[3,2-b]benzothiophene (BTBT) derivative and a carbazole derivative to passivate the interface between the sputtered NiOx and the halide perovskite in p-i-n perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The treatment of the NiOx with the BTBT derivative significantly enhances the open-circuit voltage (Voc), boosting the champion power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 16.6% to 18.6%. We carry out an in-depth analysis of the interface employing a lift-off procedure revealing that the BTBT molecules reside at the bottom interface and successfully suppress a (redox) reaction at this interface. As a result of the improved interface quality, the stability of the PSCs is superior under maximum power point (MPP) conditions and in ambient conditions, retaining 89% of the initial PCE after 250 hours at 25% relative humidity and 95% after 1 hour under continuous MPP tracking (MPPT).

Graphical abstract: Organic ammonium iodide salts as passivation for buried interface enables efficient and stable NiOx based p-i-n perovskite solar cells

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
04 okt 2022
Accepted
28 dec 2022
First published
29 dec 2022

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023,11, 8146-8153

Organic ammonium iodide salts as passivation for buried interface enables efficient and stable NiOx based p-i-n perovskite solar cells

S. Lammar, W. Van Gompel, S. Lenaers, M. Mertens, H. Boyen, D. Desta, A. Hadipour, L. Lutsen, D. Vanderzande, A. Krishna, Y. Abdulraheem, T. Aernouts and J. Poortmans, J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 8146 DOI: 10.1039/D2TC04215K

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