Recent advances in the development of phenothiazine and its fluorescent derivatives for optoelectronic applications

Faizal Khan and Rajneesh Misra

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2023, 11, 2786
DOI: 10.1039/D2TC04326B

A 1,8-naphthalimide-based fluorescent chemosensor for the sequential recognition of silver and sulfur ions and its application in bioimaging

Yi Xu, Yanshan Zhu, Fan Yang, Yan Gao and Yun Gao

New J. Chem., 2025, 49, 2694
DOI: 10.1039/D4NJ04641B

A sensitive ratiometric fluorescence probe with a large spectral shift for sensing and imaging of palladium

Yue Jian, Hongyu Li, Xue Luo, Yan An, Mingyan Yang, Jie Gao, Junjun Luo, Xinmin Li, Jiajia Lv and Zeli Yuan

Analyst, 2023, 148, 4195
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An activatable near-infrared hemicyanine-based probe for selective detection and imaging of Hg2+ in living cells and animals

Min Li, Ruiyu Li, Xuefei Chen, Jin Liu, Yong Shao, Zhiai Xu and Wen Zhang

Analyst, 2022, 147, 3065
DOI: 10.1039/D2AN00125J

Carbazole-based near-infrared-emitting fluorescence probe for the detection of bisulfite in live animals and real food samples

Zhuye Shang, Jianhua Liu, Qingtao Meng, Hongmin Jia, Yun Gao, Cheng Zhang, Run Zhang and Zhiqiang Zhang

New J. Chem., 2022, 46, 20737
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Triphenylamine-embedded copper(ii) complex as a “turn-on” fluorescent probe for the detection of nitric oxide in living animals

Zhuye Shang, Li Shu, Jianhua Liu, Qingtao Meng, Yue Wang, Jianguo Sun, Run Zhang and Zhiqiang Zhang

Anal. Methods, 2022, 14, 4537
DOI: 10.1039/D2AY01629J

An NBD tertiary amine is a fluorescent quencher and/or a weak green-light fluorophore in H2S-specific probes

Ruirui Chen, Haishun Ye, Tian Fang, Shanshan Liu, Long Yi and Longhuai Cheng

Org. Biomol. Chem., 2022, 20, 4128
DOI: 10.1039/D2OB00442A

A sensitive colorimetric hydrogen sulfide detection approach based on copper-metal–organic frameworks and a smartphone

Chengyi Hong, Dandan Li, Ziyue Wang, Boyuan Liu, Wenmin Zhang, Kailong Zhang and Zhiyong Huang

Anal. Methods, 2022, 14, 1239
DOI: 10.1039/D2AY00151A

BODIPY-NBD dyad for highly selective and sensitive detection of hydrogen sulfide in cells and zebrafish

Yue Xin, Mei Wang, Mengfei Liu, Yinuo Chen, Han Zhao, Pingzhu Zhang, Xiaoliu Li and Chao Wei

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2022, 272, 121007
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121007

Reversible AIE-active fluorescent probe with a large emission peak shift for ratiometric detection of food freshness indicator H2S

Beibei Wang, Juncai Leng, Xiaoqian Wang and Wei Zhao

Food Chemistry, 2022, 386, 132768
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132768

Liposome Based Near‐Infrared Sensors for the Selective Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide

Vinod Kumar, Rahul Sakla, Nancy Sharma, Kanika, Rehan Khan and D. Amilan Jose

ChemPlusChem, 2023, 88
DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300243

Recent design strategies and applications of organic fluorescent probes for food freshness detection

Shiyu Gong, Jingyi Zhang, Xin Zheng, Guanglei Li, Changrui Xing, Peng Li and Jian Yuan

Food Research International, 2023, 174, 113641
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113641

Advances in fluorescent probes for hydrogen sulfide detection: Applications in food safety, environmental monitoring, and biological systems

Imtiaz Ahmed, Shahid Iqbal, Aziz Khan, Farzana Fatima, Hidayatullah Mahar and Rizwan Ahmed Bhutto

Microchemical Journal, 2025, 215, 114188
DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.114188

Red-emitting fluorescent probe for hydrogen sulfide detection and its applications in food freshness determination and in vivo bioimaging

Zhuye Shang, Qingtao Meng, Dihua Tian, Yue Wang, Zexi Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang and Run Zhang

Food Chemistry, 2023, 427, 136701
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136701

Multi-emitter metal-organic frameworks as ratiometric luminescent sensors for food contamination and spoilage detection

Shanghua Xing, Shasha Cheng and Mingqian Tan

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2024, 64, 7028
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2179594

Construction of an in vivo NIR fluorescent probe for revealing the correlation between inflammation and mitochondrial hydrogen sulfide and viscosity

Yali Cui, Guizhen Hu, Tian Wu, Jialu Yang, Yamin Nie and Yanmei Zhou

Bioorganic Chemistry, 2022, 129, 106107
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106107

The coumarin-pyrazole dye for detection of hydrogen sulfide in cells

Guang-Jin Shi, Yue-Dong Wang, Zhen-Xing Yu, Qi Zhang, Shaojin Chen, Liang-Zhong Xu, Kun-Peng Wang and Zhi-Qiang Hu

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2023, 285, 121898
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121898

A FRET-based ratiometric fluorescent probe for SO32− detection in Chinese medicine and living cells

Chen Chen, Changrui Zhou, Wenge Yang and Yonghong Hu

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2023, 300, 122902
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122902

An AIE-active probe for visual detection of H2S and its applications in bioimaging and food freshness detection

Na-Na Li, Hao-Dong Ruan, Hai-Long Li, Hai-Xian Ren, Aparna Kushwaha, Abhinav Kumar, Mohd. Muddassir and Ying Pan

Journal of Molecular Structure, 2026, 1353, 144752
DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2025.144752

Developing an ESIPT-based ratiometric fluorescent probe with fast-response for cellular imaging of hydrogen sulfide

Yuting Du, Minmin Guo, Zhijie Zheng and Lu Qin

Microchemical Journal, 2024, 204, 111143
DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2024.111143

Two novel fluorescent probes with different fluorescence signals based on phenothiazine for specific detection of ClO− and their applications

Cheng-lu Zhang, Jing-hao Guo, Yang Zhang, Chang Liu, Shi-ru Nie and Cui Liu

Tetrahedron, 2024, 157, 133958
DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2024.133958

A water-soluble fluorescent sensor accelerated with ortho-aldehyde for the detection of hydrogen sulfide in spoiled food and cells

Hong-Cheng Xia, Yu-Hang Zhang, Di Han, Kang Liang, Jun-Tang Lin and Ying-Ying Kong

Microchemical Journal, 2024, 204, 110939
DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2024.110939

A ratiometric fluorescence platform for on-site screening meat freshness

Jin Zhang, Ying Yang, Lintao Zeng and Jianlong Wang

Food Chemistry, 2024, 436, 137769
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137769

Recent design strategies and applications of small molecule fluorescent probes for food detection

Peng Zhang, Jiali Su, Hui Zhen, Tong Yu, Liangchen Wei, Mingyue Zheng, Chaoyuan Zeng and Wei Shu

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2025, 522, 216232
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2024.216232

Recent Advances in Monocomponent Visible Light Photoinitiating Systems Based on Sulfonium Salts

Frédéric Dumur

Polymers, 2023, 15, 4202
DOI: 10.3390/polym15214202

A water-soluble colorimetric and ratiometric fluorescent probe based on phenothiazine for the detection of hypochlorite ion

Qianling Liu, Ming Xiao, Haichang Ding, Congbin Fan, Gang Liu and Shouzhi Pu

Dyes and Pigments, 2023, 215, 111194
DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2023.111194

Hydrogen Sulfide-Activatable Fluorescence Turn-On Triphenylamine Derivative and Its Application in Real Samples

Lan Yang, Fei Yang, Bo Xu, Zhigang Zhao and Zhichuan Shi

J Fluoresc, 2025, 35, 9865
DOI: 10.1007/s10895-025-04277-z

A ratiometric fluorescent probe for biogenic amine detection and its versatile application in food freshness monitoring, fluorescent ink and biological imaging

Anyang Wang, Fuyan Tang, Qingyan Chu, Yingyu Qu, Wanshuo Luo, Chuanzeng Wang, Xiaofeng Sun, Wei Shu, Ping Li and Haibin Xiao

Microchemical Journal, 2025, 216, 114696
DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2025.114696

Activity-Based Fluorescent Probes for Hydrogen Sulfide and Related Reactive Sulfur Species

Kaylin G. Fosnacht and Michael D. Pluth

Chem. Rev., 2024, 124, 4124
DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00683

A novel chromophore reaction-based pyrrolopyrrole aza-BODIPY fluorescent probe for H2S detection and its application in food spoilage

Lingyun Wang, Chufeng Zhang, Hao Tang and Derong Cao

Food Chemistry, 2023, 427, 136591
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.136591

Optical probes for redox imaging: A comparative review of fluorescent, bioluminescent, and chemiluminescent strategies for in vivo sensing of ROS, RNS, and RSS

Yuhan Wang, Xiaoyu Li, Zhangdong Wang, Peng Wang, Zhen Chen and Jing Yang

Coordination Chemistry Reviews, 2026, 555, 217628
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2026.217628

Two “turn on” fluorescence probes based on nitroso recognition group for detecting hydrogen sulfide

Bing-Yu Wei, Xiao-Hui Chi, Zhen-Ming Yue, Jun-Ying Miao, Bao-Xiang Zhao and Zhao-Min Lin

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2025, 325, 125021
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125021

Construction of novel coumarin-carbazole-based fluorescent probe for tracking of endogenous and exogenous H2S in vivo with yellow-emission and large Stokes shift

Xu Tong, Liguo Hao, Xue Song, Shuang Wu, Na Zhang, Zhongtao Li, Song Chen and Peng Hou

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2022, 279, 121445
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121445

A new fluorescent probe for hydrogen sulfide based on naphthalimide derivatives and its biological application

Jiacheng Shi, Di Zhang, Man Li, Yanliang Wang, Lin Liu, Tieliang Wang, Fengqi Guo and Xujin Wu

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2022, 146, 110087
DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2022.110087

Recent advances in meat freshness “magnifier”: fluorescence sensing

Jinsong Zhao, Yongsheng Ni, Lijun Tan, Wendi Zhang, Hui Zhou and Baocai Xu

Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition, 2024, 64, 11626
DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2241553

WITHDRAWN: A hemicyanine dye fluorescent probe for the detection of H2S in food spoilage and living cells

Chenxin Zhu, Yunhe Lang, Lei Shi, Xiaoying Ma, Ruiyang Bai, Yiping Xu, Siyun Zhang and Xiufeng Zhang

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2025, 127052
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.127052

Recent advances on phenothiazine-based oxime esters as visible light photoinitiators of polymerization

Frédéric Dumur

European Polymer Journal, 2024, 202, 112597
DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2023.112597

Transition metal catalyzed synthesis and functionalization of phenothiazines

Mayur I. Morja and Kishor H. Chikhalia

Journal of Molecular Structure, 2024, 1307, 138037
DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2024.138037

Hemicyanine-based chemosensor for the detection of CN¯ and HS¯ ions: application in food, water samples, and in-vitro cell imaging studies

Yesudhasan Chinnaraj, Muniyappan Chinnamadhaiyan, Abdul Majeed Kurumbala, Murugesan Rajesh, Sepperumal Murugesan, Jeyakumar Prabakaran, Nagamalai Sakthi Vignesh, Balasubramaniem Ashokkumar, Perumal Varalakshmi, Manickam Selvaraj and Siva Ayyanar

Inorganic Chemistry Communications, 2026, 187, 116396
DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2026.116396

A dual-functional coumarin-based fluorescent probe for turn off detection of Cu2+ and ratiometric detection of H2S and its applications in environmental samples and bioimaging samples

Xiaoyuan Wang, Zhiyuan Meng, Shifa Wang, Jiali Kou, Zhonglong Wang and Yiqin Yang

Journal of Molecular Structure, 2023, 1294, 136390
DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.136390

A hemicyanine dye fluorescent probe for the detection of H2S in food spoilage and living cells

Chenxin Zhu, Yunhe Lang, Lei Shi, Xiaoying Ma, Ruiyang Bai, Yiping Xu, Siyun Zhang and Xiufeng Zhang

Spectrochimica Acta Part A: Molecular and Biomolecular Spectroscopy, 2026, 347, 127006
DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2025.127006

H2S-based fluorescent imaging for pathophysiological processes

Tong-Tong Jia, Yuanyuan Zhang, Ji-Ting Hou, Huawei Niu and Shan Wang

Front. Chem., 2023, 11
DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1126309

Development of On-site Analytical Device for Hydrogen Sulfide Using Colorimetric Paper Sensor

Gi-Ja Lee, Yoo-Ri Na and Jae-Chul Lee

KSPE, 2024, 41, 11
DOI: 10.7736/JKSPE.023.072

A multifunctional fluorescent probe for sequential detection of hydrogen sulfide and pH in foodstuffs, living cells and mice

Zu-Sheng Huang, Wenxuan Zhang, Manshan Liang, Shihua Wang, Zhongda Zhang, Yongsheng Jiang, Xiaoxia Ye, Longteng Xie and Yun-Yun Quan

Analytica Chimica Acta, 2024, 1299, 342434
DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342434

A novel dialdehyde cellulose-based colorimetric and turn-on fluorescent probe for H2S detection and its application in red wine

Huan Huang, Guocheng Zhou, Zhiyuan Meng, Xiaoyuan Wang, Zhonglong Wang and Yiqin Yang

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 280, 136018
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.136018