Biomedical Applications and Future Perspectives of Carbon Dots and Their Hybrid Nanomaterials

Abstract

Carbon dot-based hybrid nanomaterials are becoming more popular in the biomedical field because they are safer, work well with living things, and are simple to make. Researchers have come up with different ways to control the shape and features of carbon dots, graphene quantum dots, and carbon nanodots, and have improved their abilities by combining them with metals, polymers, or other substances. These materials are being studied for uses like imaging inside the body, detecting diseases, fighting bacteria, and sending drugs to specific places, as well as for new treatments that use light or sound. Even so, there are still problems with making sure they are safe, reliable, and easy to produce in large amounts. This review looks at the latest progress in making and using carbon dots and their hybrids, and talks about how they might be used in medicine in the future.