Tracking the hydrogen spillover of heterogeneous catalysts in hydrogenation: from formation, migration, and regulation to fate

Abstract

Hydrogen spillover is a critical factor in enhancing the hydrogenation of heterogeneous catalysts. However, understanding and orderly controlling spillover are still challenging. The structural design of heterogeneous catalysts significantly promotes hydrogen spillover, which affects the activity, selectivity, and stability of hydrogenation. However, to date, very few systematic reviews have tracked the period of hydrogen spillover in heterogeneous catalysis. Herein, we systematically reviewed the recent research progress on hydrogen spillover from formation and fate to regulation. A strengthening mechanism of hydrogen spillover in hydrogenation for the catalytic reaction process is proposed. In addition, targeted regulatory strategies for promoting hydrogen spillover are summarized via constitutive relationships to guide the development of highly efficient hydrogenation catalysts. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of hydrogen spillover are prospectively discussed, providing theoretical guidance for the catalytic hydrogenation methodology.