Issue 1, 2022

Halogen-modified carbazole derivatives for lipid droplet-specific bioimaging and two-photon photodynamic therapy

Abstract

Lipid droplets (LDs) are dynamic multifunctional organelles that participate in the regulation of many metabolic processes, visualization of which is necessary for biological research. In this work, a series of two-photon responsive fluorescent probes (C–H, C–Br, and C–I) based on carbazole units were designed and synthesized. Thereinto, an iodine-modified carbazole derivative C–I exhibited an exciting lipid droplet targeting ability due to its excellent lipophilicity. Meanwhile, benefiting from its larger Stokes shift and two-photon absorption cross-section, C–I was employed for two-photon confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy imaging to observe LDs more accurately. In addition, given the heavy atom effect, C–I can effectively generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to cancer cell apoptosis under near-infrared light irradiation. Notably, we explained the process of cell apoptosis through in vitro simulation experiments. This study provides a promising platform for visualization of lipid droplets.

Graphical abstract: Halogen-modified carbazole derivatives for lipid droplet-specific bioimaging and two-photon photodynamic therapy

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
08 oct. 2021
Accepted
05 nov. 2021
First published
08 nov. 2021

Analyst, 2022,147, 66-71

Halogen-modified carbazole derivatives for lipid droplet-specific bioimaging and two-photon photodynamic therapy

W. Du, X. Lu, T. Yuan, Z. Sun, X. Li, S. Li, Q. Zhang, X. Tian, D. Li and Y. Tian, Analyst, 2022, 147, 66 DOI: 10.1039/D1AN01826D

To request permission to reproduce material from this article, please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

If you are an author contributing to an RSC publication, you do not need to request permission provided correct acknowledgement is given.

If you are the author of this article, you do not need to request permission to reproduce figures and diagrams provided correct acknowledgement is given. If you want to reproduce the whole article in a third-party publication (excluding your thesis/dissertation for which permission is not required) please go to the Copyright Clearance Center request page.

Read more about how to correctly acknowledge RSC content.

Social activity

Spotlight

Advertisements