The enhancement of oxygen defects in the spinel support is the essential reason for the improvement of catalytic activity, which reveals the support effect of catalyst for CO direct esterification to dimethyl oxalate.
A cross-linked magnetic acidic poly(ionic liquid) network with a high ionic content as an efficient, water-tolerant, and recyclable catalyst for direct esterification.
The MW flow esterification of phenyl-H-phosphinic acids with alcohols at ca. 150 °C in the presence of 5% of [bmim][PF6] afforded target alkyl phenyl-H-phosphinates with productivity of ca. 6–9 g h−1 by applying a recirculating mode of operation.
A study presenting esterification of softwood pine lignin and hydrolysis lignin, demonstrating their potential to enhance PLA composites for the development of high-performance sustainable bioplastics.
The MW-assisted IL-catalyzed esterification of phosphinic acids, the esterification of arylsulfonic acids was developed applying a 14-fold excess of the alcohols at 200 °C in the presence of 10% bmim PF6 as an additive.