Sustainability in Ru- and Pd-based catalytic systems using N-heterocyclic carbenes as ligands
Fady
Nahra 
ab
and
Catherine S. J.
Cazin
*a
ab
and
Catherine S. J.
Cazin
*a
Abstract
This review is a critical presentation of catalysts based on palladium and ruthenium bearing N-heterocyclic carbene ligands that have enabled a more sustainable approach to catalysis and to catalyst uses. Aspects of sustainability associated with these in terms of catalytic uses or synthetic access are reviewed.
- This article is part of the themed collection: Inorganic chemistry approaches to saving critical elements: Recovery, Reuse and Recycling
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