Issue 35, 2017

Sigmatropic proton shifts: a quantum chemical study

Abstract

A quantum chemical study of [1,j] sigmatropic proton shifts in polyenyl anions and related conjugated systems has been performed. We found that the Woodward–Hoffmann rules can be applied to understand the stereochemical outcome of these sigmatropic rearrangements, showing that [1,j] sigmatropic proton shift occurs antarafacially when j = 4n + 2, while suprafacial proton shift is symmetry-allowed when j = 4n. The activation barriers for [1,j] proton shifts in polyenyl anions CjHj+3 are 48.2 (j = 2), 32.8 (j = 4), 21.0 (j = 6), 40.5 (j = 8), and 49.1 (j = 10) kcal mol−1, respectively. This trend can be explained by the trade-off between stereoelectronic requirement and ring strain in the proton shift transition structure. Among these reactions, only the [1,6] proton shift with the lowest activation barrier can occur intramolecularly under mild reaction conditions. The others are unlikely to take place in a direct manner. Consequently, proton shuttles are generally required to facilitate these sigmatropic proton shifts through a protonation/deprotonation mechanism.

Graphical abstract: Sigmatropic proton shifts: a quantum chemical study

Supplementary files

Article information

Article type
Paper
Submitted
04 юли 2017
Accepted
09 авг 2017
First published
09 авг 2017

Org. Biomol. Chem., 2017,15, 7439-7446

Sigmatropic proton shifts: a quantum chemical study

Y. Wang and Z. Yu, Org. Biomol. Chem., 2017, 15, 7439 DOI: 10.1039/C7OB01628J

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