Pesticides in the atmospheric environment: an overview on their determination methodologies

Abstract

The increasing use of synthetic substances such as pesticides has been a major concern around the world, mainly due to the great potential of atmospheric contamination. Pesticides associated with atmospheric gases or particulate matter can enter the atmosphere, reaching remote areas. Due to the low concentration of pesticides in air samples and the high complexity of this type of matrix, new extraction and detection methods have been proposed in recent years. In this review, we present and critically discuss the studies published in the last 8 years covering new data about pesticide analysis in air samples using different analytical techniques.