Bionic gradient scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering: construction strategies, interface optimization, gradient characterization, and controllability research

Fufen Li, Xiaohan Yang, Yining Chen, Min Gong, Lang Li, Anjing Chen, Nianhua Dan and Zhengjun Li

Biomater. Sci., 2026, 14, 305
DOI: 10.1039/D5BM01230A

The osteochondral regeneration paradox: why biomimetic scaffolds are biologically superior but injectable systems dominate the clinic

Sara Gubert, Harrison Moon, Nuria Oliva and Robert Texidó

RSC Adv., 2026, 16, 11370
DOI: 10.1039/D5RA09529H

Polysaccharide-protein based scaffolds for cartilage repair and regeneration

Jin Shi, Yu Liu, Ying Ling and Haoyu Tang

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 274, 133495
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133495

Biomimetic Multifunctional Scaffolds for Osteochondral Regeneration: Bridging Material Design and Functional Integration

Jiangtao Zhong, Fanghui Wu, Min Yang, Chuanyong Zhao, Chenhao Huang, Huasen Chen, Ziheng Zhou, Longding Lv, Chunwu Zhang, Zhengwei Mao and Lei Zhang

Small, 2026, 22
DOI: 10.1002/smll.202512392

3D printed osteochondral scaffolds: design strategies, present applications and future perspectives

Ge Liu, Xiaowei Wei, Yun Zhai, Jingrun Zhang, Junlei Li, Zhenhua Zhao, Tianmin Guan and Deiwei Zhao

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 2024, 12
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1339916

An Overview of Approaches and Evaluation Methods for Tissue-Engineered Articular Cartilage Constructs in Animal Models

S. H. Aswathy, U. Narendrakumar and I. Manjubala

Ann Biomed Eng, 2025, 53, 3009
DOI: 10.1007/s10439-025-03819-7

Surface-activated 3D-printed PEEK implant enhances anti-infection and osteogenesis

Zhaolong Wang, Zhou Yu, Zhaoyi Wang, Shifen Li, Liang Song, Tiesong Xu, Guocheng Shen, Yuchen Wang, Tingben Huang, Xiaofei Dong, Guoli Yang and Changyou Gao

Composites Part B: Engineering, 2024, 273, 111258
DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesb.2024.111258

Biomimetic-smart materials for osteochondral regeneration and repair

Qi-Peng Jia, Qunfeng Li, Hamza Boucetta, Zhi-Ping Xu and Ling-Xiao Zhang

Microstructures, 2024, 4
DOI: 10.20517/microstructures.2023.84

Applications of type I and II collagen in osteochondral tissue engineering: Respective features and future perspectives

Ruoyu Huang, Xiaolian Niu, Xueying Li and Xiaoming Li

Medicine in Novel Technology and Devices, 2024, 24, 100328
DOI: 10.1016/j.medntd.2024.100328

Application of PLCL as a biodegradable polymer in biomedical engineering

Yonggang Zhao and Honglei Liu

J Mater Sci: Mater Med, 2026, 37
DOI: 10.1007/s10856-026-07016-3

Gradient scaffolds for osteochondral tissue engineering and regeneration

Ziqi Xiong, Fangyuan Hong, Zhonglin Wu, Yijia Ren, Nuola Sun, Boon Chin Heng and Jing Zhou

Chemical Engineering Journal, 2024, 498, 154797
DOI: 10.1016/j.cej.2024.154797

Design and Fabrication of Biomimetic Gradient Bone Tissue Engineering Scaffolds: Evolution from Single-Gradient to Multi-Gradient

Haitao Liu, Junjun Liu, Chenhui Sun, Yuhan Wang, Yazhou Sun and Xiaoquan Shi

Gels, 2026, 12, 131
DOI: 10.3390/gels12020131

Recent Advances on Scaffolds: A Comprehensive Review of Materials, Fabrication Techniques, and Applications

Aishwarya Varpe, Shubham Shinde, Biswajeet Champaty, Aiswarya Dash, Uttam Kumar and Shankar Khade

Nano LIFE, 2024, 14
DOI: 10.1142/S1793984424300024

Construction of Bacterial Cellulose Based Porous Integrated Tri‐Layer Osteochondral Scaffold via Laser‐Induced Method

Jian Shi, Shaoqiang Ling, Shan He, Chen Yin, Mengxia Peng, Yizao Wan and Quanchao Zhang

Polymers for Advanced Techs, 2025, 36
DOI: 10.1002/pat.70150

Recent advances in bionic scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering

Yushan Zhang and Weihan Yu

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol., 2025, 13
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2025.1625550

Wet 3D printing of biodegradable porous scaffolds to enable room-temperature deposition modeling of polymeric solutions for regeneration of articular cartilage

Xiaoye Yu, Peng Wang, Jingming Gao, Ye Fu, Qunsong Wang, Jun Chen, Shiyi Chen and Jiandong Ding

Biofabrication, 2024, 16, 035007
DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ad3a12

Osteogenic Potential of 3D Bioprinted Collagen Scaffolds Enriched with Bone Marrow Stromal Cells, BMP-2, and Hydroxyapatite in a Rabbit Calvarial Defect Model

Diyana Vladova, Yordan Sbirkov, Elena Stoyanova, Tsvetan Chaprazov, Kiril K. Dimitrov, Hristo Hristov, Dimitar Kostov, Petya Veleva, Daniela Stoeva and Victoria Sarafian

JFB, 2026, 17, 68
DOI: 10.3390/jfb17020068

Biomimetic injectable and bilayered hydrogel scaffold based on collagen and chondroitin sulfate for the repair of osteochondral defects

Yongjian Cao, Haijie Zhang, Mengjie Qiu, Yunquan Zheng, Xianai Shi and Jianmin Yang

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules, 2024, 257, 128593
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128593